SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONISM

The symbolic interactionism is a theoretical approach developed in the United States of America, is a continuation in sociology and psychology of thinking pragmatist of William James. It focuses on the creation of meaning in life and in human actions, emphasizing the pluralistic nature of the society, cultural relativism and social standards and the rules of ethics and social vision of the self as socially structured. It mainly deals with the social interaction that takes place in people's daily lives.

The thought of George Herbert Mead over all laid the foundations of the approach of symbolic.

The mind develops in this process of interaction, that is, in society, which is a set of shared meanings. 

In action and behavior, then you have the origin of conscious psychic life so that even the private social explained by the memory.

Therefore, the basic principles of the symbolic interactionism is based on three premises:

1) Human beings act toward things on the basis of the meanings that these things have for them (these things can be physical objects, ideas, activities of others, situations, etc.).

2) The significance of these things is derived from social interaction that the individual has with others.

3) These meanings are processed and transformed into an interpretive process put in place by a person in dealing with the things he comes across.

The position of symbolic argues that the meaning that things have for humans is central in itself. Ignore the significance of the things to which people act is considered a falsification of the behavior being studied. Bypassing the meaning in favor of the factors believed to produce the behavior is considered a seriously neglecting its role in the formation of the same.

A major difference between other approaches and symbolic interactionism is offered by the second premise, referring to the origins of meaning: there are two traditional ways well known to explain their origin. One is considered intrinsic to things, natural part of their objective representation. Being inherent to the thing that expresses it, the meaning must only be made autonomous so they can look at it objectively it determines. The meaning emanates so to speak the traditional position of "philosophical realism". The other main consideration is on the traditional significance as psychic development contributed to what the person. This psychic development is treated as an expression of components of the psyche, the mind or the psychological organization of the person. Factors such as sensations, feelings, ideas, memories, motives and attitudes. The meaning of a thing is only the expression of psychological elements activated data in relation to his perception that they try to explain their meaning by isolating the psychological elements that produce particular. Interactionism symbolic shows that the meaning has an origin different from that of the two dominant visions. The meaning sees him arise from the process of interaction between people. The meaning of a thing arises for a person from the way other act against it with respect to that thing. The symbolic interactionism sees meanings as social products, creations formed and determined by definition activities carried out by people in their interaction.

Third premise: it is wrong to think that its use by a person is merely an application of the meaning of such proceeds. The use of the meanings carried by a person in your situation involves an interpretive process.

The dominant approaches have in common to see the use of meaning by the human being in his action as nothing more than something that arises and is applied on the basis of already agreed parameters. All fail to see that the use of meanings by the actor is determined through a process of determination. This process has two phases: the first, the actor tells himself things to which it is acting. The construction of such information is an internalized social process in which it interacts with itself. Second, the interpretation becomes a way to manage meanings. The actor selects, monitors, suspends, groups and transforms the meanings in the light of the situation in which it is party and its leadership. The interpretation should not be considered a simple automatic application of certain meanings, but rather an educational process in which meanings are modified and used as tools for the guidance and training of the action. The meanings play their part in the action through the process of autointeraction. The "original images" refer and represent the nature of the following issues: human groups or societies, the social interaction of objects, the human being as an actor, human action and the interconnection of lines of action.

A small example of Symbolic Interactionism may be a faith of marriage, is only a small item but it is very important for the person wearing it

References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbolic_interactionism

http://web.grinnell.edu/courses/soc/s00/soc111-01/IntroTheories/Symbolic.html

http://sociology.about.com/od/Sociological-Theory/a/Symbolic-Interaction-Theory.htm

POST NUMBER 5 EXCEPT FROM IT

SOCIAL CONFLICT THEORY

Social stratification is the condition of the social strata, composed of individuals or groups, placed near or overlap in a scale of superiority or inferiority relative depending on wealth, power, prestige or what society they live in considers relevant purposes of social distinction.
According to sociologists in all societies there are inequalities between one individual and another, while according to anthropologists may exist in egalitarian society in which all social groups have more or less the same right to access to the upper steps of the social ladder to enjoy certain privileges.
Here I'm going to talk about the Theory of Conflict.
Conflict theory, inspired by Marxist doctrine, states that stratification with inequalities linked is a natural measure adopted by the ruling classes. These, as a class conscious itself of their shared position, try to keep it unchanged through continuous conflict with which defend their privileged social status groups below that, as a class in themselves, are not aware of their condition and oppressed class therefore they do not have an appropriate organization which, accompanied by a political action, would allow them to overcome social inequality.
The conflict theorists consider the functionalist image of a consensus on values ​​as a pure fiction: what happens in reality, according to them, is that those in power forcing the rest of the population acquiescence and compliance. In other words, the social order is maintained not by popular consent, but by force or the threat of force.
The conflict theorists do not think the conflict is a force necessarily destructive, can often have positive results, as it can lead to social changes that otherwise would not have happened. The social changes that prevent the company stagnation.
Unlike Marx, Weber did not dwell only on the importance of social class, but developed a theory of stratification in multiple dimensions. The fundamental principles of aggregation of classes were so economics, culture and politics.
Individuals join together not only to shared economic interests, thus forming the social classes, but also to aspects, cultural ideals, and noticed as walks, and political aspects of joining in parties to manage their power. In social stratification thus is relevant both the classroom and the class, it understood as a unifying element according to "lifestyle" that reflects a social prestige that depends not only wealth but also by other factors, not excluding psychological and leftovers from social consideration.

I dont have the advantage to have a strong family behind me, so for this reason like many others kids in college I have to work. This disadvantage leads to less time to put into work, which means lower grades. My situation of managing to work 20 hours a week, doing cross-country, track and fiel and taking full time classes is tough; whereas if I was from a powerful family I would not have to deal with the burden of working and would be able to concentrate on my studies more and my sport.

In recent months, police forces all over the country and has been under extreme scrutiny in the media for allegations of the use of excessive force and racial discrimination, specifically targeting African Americans.
Most recently, the deaths of Michael Brown of Ferguson, MO and Eric Garner of New York, NY have taken the country by storm and resulted in public outcry and protests.
Prior to these incidents, the shooting and death of Trayvon Martin in Florida in 2012 caused extreme upheavel throughout the country, promting the question: does racial targeting exist by the men and women.
Even celebrities and public figures have taken a stand on these issues and are showing their support for the lives tragically lost.
This is a example of Social Conflict Theory too.
Maybe one day Karl Marx"s dream will come true to have society be on an equal playing field but do not look for that to happen in our lifetimes.

Here you can a watch and hear a song where the two main protagonists are the "criminals" and the police.

References:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_conflict_theory

http://sociology.about.com/od/Sociological-Theory/a/Conflict-Theory.htm